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In Tamilastrology, there are 27 nakshatras ('lunar mansions', Sanskrit: नक्षत्र, IAST: Nakṣatra), or sectors along the ecliptic. A list of them is first found in the Vedanga Jyotisha, a text dated to the final centuries BCE. The Nakṣatra system predates the influence of Hellenistic astronomy on Vedic tradition, which became prevalent from about the 2nd century CE. There are various systems of enumerating the Nakṣatra-s;[clarification needed] although there are 28 days to a sidereal month, by custom only 27 days are used, the last 28th day being considered unlucky. The following list gives the corresponding regions of sky.[1]
No. | Name | Associated stars | Description | Image |
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1 | Ashvini 'physician to the Gods' | β and γArietis |
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2 | Bharani 'the bearer' | 35, 39, and 41Arietis |
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3 | Krittika an old name of the Pleiades; personified as the nurses of Kārttikeya, a son of Shiva. | Pleiades |
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4 | Rohini 'the red one', a name of Aldebaran. Also known as brāhmī | Aldebaran |
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5 | Mrigashīrsha 'the deer's head'. Also known as āgrahāyaṇī | λ, φ Orionis |
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6 | Ardra 'the storm god' | Betelgeuse |
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7 | Punarvasu (dual) 'the two restorers of goods', also known as yamakau 'the two chariots' | Castor and Pollux |
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8 | Pushya 'the nourisher', also known as sidhya or tiṣya | γ, δ and θCancri |
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9 | Āshleshā 'the embrace' | δ, ε, η, ρ, and σHydrae |
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10 | Maghā 'the bountiful' | Regulus |
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11 | Pūrva Phalgunī 'first reddish one' | δ and θLeonis |
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12 | Uttara Phalgunī 'second reddish one' | Denebola |
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13 | Hasta 'the hand' | α, β, γ, δ and εCorvi |
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14 | Chitra 'the bright one', a name of Spica | Spica |
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15 | Swāti 'Su-Ati (sanskrit) Very good' name of Arcturus | Arcturus |
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16 | Vishakha 'forked, having branches'; also known as rādhā 'the gift' | α, β, γ and ι Librae |
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17 | Anuradha 'following rādhā' | β, δ and πScorpionis |
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18 | Jyeshtha 'the eldest, most excellent' | α, σ, and τScorpionis |
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19 | Mula 'the root' | ε, ζ, η, θ, ι, κ, λ, μ and νScorpionis |
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20 | Purva Ashadha 'first of the āṣāḍhā', āṣāḍhā 'the invincible one' being the name of a constellation | δ and εSagittarii |
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21 | Uttara Ashadha 'second of the āṣāḍhā' | ζ and σSagittarii |
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22 | Sravana | α, β and γAquilae |
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23 | Dhanishta 'most famous', also Shravishthā 'swiftest' | α to δ Delphini |
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24 | Shatabhisha 'requiring a hundred physicians' | γ Aquarii |
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25 | Purva Bhadrapada 'the first of the blessed feet' | α and βPegasi |
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26 | Uttara Bhādrapadā 'the second of the blessed feet' | γPegasi and αAndromedae |
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27 | Revati 'prosperous' | ζ Piscium |
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28 | Abhijit 'victorious'[2] | α, ε and ζ Lyrae - Vega | Lord: Brahma (creator)
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Padas (quarters)[edit]
The 27 Nakshatras cover 13°20’ of the ecliptic each. Each Nakshatra is also divided into quarters or padas of 3°20’, and the below table lists the appropriate starting sound to name the child. The 27 nakshatras, each with 4 padas, give 108, which is the number of beads in a japa mala, indicating all the elements (ansh) of Vishnu:
# | Name | Pada 1 | Pada 2 | Pada 3 | Pada 4 |
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1 | Ashwini (अश्विनि) | चु Chu | चे Che | चो Cho | ला Laa |
2 | Bharani (भरणी) | ली Lii | लू Luu | ले Le | लो Lo |
3 | Krittika (कृत्तिका) | अ A | ई I | उ U | ए E |
4 | Rohini(रोहिणी) | ओ O | वा Vaa/Baa | वी Vii/Bii | वु Vuu/Buu |
5 | Mrigashīrsha(म्रृगशीर्षा) | वे Ve/Be | वो Vo/Bo | का Kaa | की Kii |
6 | Ārdrā (आर्द्रा) | कु Ku | घ Gha | ङ Ng/Na | छ Chha |
7 | Punarvasu (पुनर्वसु) | के Ke | को Ko | हा Haa | ही Hii |
8 | Pushya (पुष्य) | हु Hu | हे He | हो Ho | ड ḍa |
9 | Āshleshā (आश्लेषा) | डी ḍii | डू ḍuu | डे ḍe | डो ḍo |
10 | Maghā (मघा) | मा Maa | मी Mii | मू Muu | मे Me |
11 | Pūrva or Pūrva Phalgunī (पूर्व फल्गुनी) | मो Mo | टा ṭaa | टी ṭii | टू ṭuu |
12 | Uttara or Uttara Phalgunī (उत्तर फल्गुनी) | टे ṭe | टो ṭo | पा Paa | पी Pii |
13 | Hasta (हस्त) | पू Puu | ष Sha | ण Na | ठ ṭha |
14 | Chitra (चित्रा) | पे Pe | पो Po | रा Raa | री Rii |
15 | Svātī (स्वाति) | रू Ruu | रे Re | रो Ro | ता Taa |
16 | Viśākhā (विशाखा) | ती Tii | तू Tuu | ते Te | तो To |
17 | Anurādhā (अनुराधा) | ना Naa | नी Nii | नू Nuu | ने Ne |
18 | Jyeshtha (ज्येष्ठा) | नो No | या Yaa | यी Yii | यू Yuu |
19 | Mula (मूल) | ये Ye | यो Yo | भा Bhaa | भी Bhii |
20 | Pūrva Āshādhā (पूर्वाषाढ़ा) | भू Bhuu | धा Dhaa | फा Bhaa/Phaa | ढा Daa |
21 | Uttara Āṣāḍhā (उत्तराषाढ़ा) | भे Bhe | भो Bho | जा Jaa | जी Jii |
22 | Śrāvaṇa (श्रावण) | खी Ju/Khii | खू Je/Khuu | खे Jo/Khe | खो Gha/Kho |
23 | Śrāviṣṭha (श्रविष्ठा) or Dhanishta | गा Gaa | गी Gii | गु Gu | गे Ge |
24 | Shatabhisha (शतभिषा)or Śatataraka | गो Go | सा Saa | सी Sii | सू Suu |
25 | Pūrva Bhādrapadā (पूर्वभाद्रपदा) | से Se | सो So | दा Daa | दी Dii |
26 | Uttara Bhādrapadā (उत्तरभाद्रपदा) | दू Duu | थ Tha | झ Jha | ञ ña |
27 | Revati (रेवती) | दे De | दो Do | च Cha | ची Chii |
Names in regional languages[edit]
The names of nakshatras in other languages are adapted from the Sanskrit variation (apabhramsa) through Pali or Prakrit. The variations evolved for easier pronunciation in popular usage.
# | Sanskrit संस्कृतम् | Malayalam മലയാളം | Tamil தமிழ் | Sinhala සිoහල | Dhivehi ދިވެހި | Telugu తెలుగు | Kannada ಕನ್ನಡ | Bengali বাংলা | Mongolian | Chinese 宿 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Ashvinī अश्विनी | Ashvati അശ്വതി | Aswini அஸ்வினி | Aswida අස්විද | A'sidha އައްސިދަ | Aswini అశ్విని | Ashwini ಅಶ್ವಿನಿ | Ashwini অশ্বিনী | Шийдэм | 婁 |
2 | Bharanī भरणी | Bharaṇi ഭരണി | Baraṇi பரணி | Berana බෙරණ | Burunu ބުރުނު | Bharani భరణి | Bharani ಭರಣಿ | Bharaṇi ভরণী | Гоё хүүхэн | 胃 |
3 | Krittikā कृत्तिका | Kārttika കാർത്തിക | Kārthikai கார்த்திகை | Kethi කැති | Kethi ކެތި | Kritika కృత్తిక | Kritika ಕೃತಿಕ | Krittika কৃত্তিকা | Нэг эхт зургаан хөвгүүн | 昴 |
4 | Rohini रोहिणी | Rōhiṇi രോഹിണി | Rōhiṇi ரோகிணி | Rehena රෙහෙණ | Roanu ރޯނު | Rohini రోహిణి | Rohini ರೋಹಿಣಿ | Rohiṇi রোহিণী | Чөлөөт эх | 畢 |
5 | Mrigashīrsha म्रृगशीर्षा | Makayiram മകയിരം | Mirugasīridam மிருகசீரிடம் | Muwasirasa මුවසිරස | Miyaheli މިޔަހެލި | Mrigasiraa మృగశిర | Mrigashira ಮೃಗಶಿರ | Mrigashira মৃগশিরা | Гөрөөсөн толгой | 觜 |
6 | Ārdrā आद्रा | Ātira or Tiruvātira ആതിര (തിരുവാതിര) | Thiruvādhirai திருவாதிரை | Ada අද | Adha އަދަ | Arudra ఆరుద్ర | Ardra ಆರ್ದ್ರ | Ardra আর্দ্রা | Хэрцгий охин | 參 |
7 | Punarvasu पुनर्वसु | Puṇartam പുണർതം | Punarpoosam புனர்பூசம் | Punavasa පුනාවස | Funoas ފުނޯސް | Punarvasu పునర్వసు | Punarvasu ಪುನರ್ವಸು | Punarbasu পুনর্বসু | Өглөгт охин | 井 |
8 | Pushya पुष्य | Pūyam പൂയം | Poosam பூசம் | Pusha පුෂ | Fus ފުސް | Pushya పుష్య | Pushyami ಪುಷ್ಯ | Pushya পুষ্যা | Найралт эх | 鬼 |
9 | Āshleshā आश्ळेषा / आश्लेषा | Āyilyam ആയില്യം | Ayilyam ஆயில்யம் | Aslisa අස්ලිස | Ahuliha އަހުލިހަ | Ashlesha ఆశ్లేష | Ashlesha ಆಶ್ಲೇಷ | Ashleshā অশ্লেষা | Үнэг | 柳 |
10 | Maghā मघा | Makam മകം | Magam மகம் | Maa මා | Maa މާ | Maghaa మఘ | Magha ಮಘ | Magha মঘা | Их морь | 星 |
11 | Pūrva or Pūrva Phalgunī पूर्व फल्गुनी | Pūram പൂരം | Pooram பூரம் | Puwapal පුවපල් | Fura ފުރަ | Pubba పూర్వ ఫల్గుని | Poorva ಪೂರ್ವ | Purbaphālguni পূর্বফাল্গুনী | Бага морь | 張 |
12 | Uttara or Uttara Phalgunī उत्तर फल्गुनी | Utram ഉത്രം | Uthiram உத்திரம் | Uttrapal උත්රපල් | Uthura އުތުރަ | Uttara ఉత్తర ఫల్గుని | Uttara ಉತ್ತರ | Uttar Phālguni উত্তরফাল্গুনী | Харцага | 翼 |
13 | Hasta हस्त | Attam അത്തം | Astham அஸ்தம் | Hatha හත | Atha އަތަ | Hasta హస్త | Hastaa ಹಸ್ತ | Hastā হস্তা | Тугчин | 軫 |
14 | Chitrā चित्रा | Chittira ചിത്തിര (ചിത്ര) | Chithirai சித்திரை | Sitha සිත | Hitha ހިތަ | Chittaa చిత్త | Chitra ಚಿತ್ರ | Chitrā চিত্রা | Тэргүүн дагуул | 角 |
15 | Svātī स्वाती | Chōti ചോതി | Swathi சுவாதி | Saa සා | Hey ހޭ | Swaati స్వాతి | Swathi ಸ್ವಾತಿ | Swāti স্বাতী | Салхины эх | 亢 |
16 | Vishākhā विशाखा | Vishākham വിശാഖം | Visakam விசாகம் | Wisa විසා | Vihaa ވިހާ | Vishaakha విశాఖ | Vishakha ವಿಶಾಖ | Bishakha বিশাখা | Эрхтний тэнгэрт | 氐 |
17 | Anurādhā अनुराधा | Anizham അനിഴം | Anusham அனுஷம் | Anura අනුර | Nora ނޮރަ | Anuraadha అనురాధ | Anuradha ಅನುರಾಧಾ | Anuradha অনুরাধা | Гар од | 房 |
18 | Jyeshtha ज्येष्ठा | Kēṭṭa (Trikkēṭṭa) തൃക്കേട്ട | Kettai கேட்டை | Deta දෙට | Dhosha ދޮށަ | Jyesthaa జ్యేష్ఠ | Jyestha ಜ್ಯೇಷ್ಠ | Jyestha জ্যেষ্ঠা | Хонгорцог | 心 |
19 | Mūla मूल | Mūlam മൂലം | Mūlam மூலம் | Moola මුල | Mula މުލަ | Moolaa మూల | Moola ಮೂಲ | Mula মূলা | Онгоц | 尾 |
20 | Pūrva Ashādhā पूर्वाषाढा | Pūrāṭam പൂരാടം | Pūradam பூராடம் | Puwasala පුවසල | Furahalha ފުރަހަޅަ | Poorvashaadha పూర్వాషాడ | Poorvashadha ಪುರ್ವಾಷಾಡ | Poorbashada পূর্বাষাঢ়া | Суулга | 箕 |
21 | Uttara Ashādhā उत्तराषाढा | Utrāṭam ഉത്രാടം | Uthirādam உத்திராடம் | Uttrasala උත්රසල | Uthurahalha އުތުރަހަޅަ | Uttarashaadha ఉత్తరాషాడ | Uttarashadha ಉತ್ತರಾಷಾಡ | Uttarashada]] উত্তরাষাঢ়া | Элдэв тэнгэртэн | 斗 |
22 | Shravana श्रवण | Tiruvōnam ഓണം (തിരുവോണം) | Tiruvōnam திருவோணம் | Suvana සුවණ | Huvan ހުވަން | Shravana శ్రవణ | Shravana ಶ್ರವಣ | Shraban শ্রবণা | Булаагч/Яруу эгшигт | 女 |
23 | Shravishthā or Dhanishta श्रविष्ठा or धनिष्ठा | Aviṭṭam അവിട്ടം | Aviṭṭam அவிட்டம் | Denata දෙණට | Dhinasha ދިނަށަ | Dhanishta ధనిష్ఠ | Dhanishta ಧನಿಷ್ಠ | Dhanishta ধনিষ্ঠা | Тооно | 虛 |
24 | Shatabhishā or Shatataraka शतभिषक् / शततारका | Chatayam ചതയം | Sadayam சதயம் | Siyawasa සියාවස | Hiyavihaa ހިޔަވިހާ | Shatabhisha శతభిష | Shatabhisha ಶತಭಿಷ | Shatabhisha শতভিষা | Чөдөр | 危 |
25 | Pūrva Bhādrapadā पूर्वभाद्रपदा / पूर्वप्रोष्ठपदा | Pūruruṭṭāti പൂരുരുട്ടാതി | Pūraṭṭādhi பூரட்டாதி | Puvaputupa පුවපුටුප | Furabadhuruva ފުރަބަދުރުވަ | Poorvabhadraa పూర్వ భాద్రపద | Poorva Bhadrapada ಪೂರ್ವ ಭಾದ್ರಪದ | Poorbabhadra পূর্বভাদ্রপদ | Шувуун хошуут | 室 |
26 | Uttara Bhādrapadā उत्तरभाद्रपदा / उत्तरप्रोष्ठपदा | Uttṛṭṭāti ഉത്രട്ടാതി | Uttṛṭṭādhi உத்திரட்டாதி | Uttraputupa උත්රපුටුප | Fasbadhuruva ފަސްބަދުރުވަ | Uttaraa bhadra ఉత్తర భాద్రపద | Uttara Bhadrapada ಉತ್ತರ ಭಾದ್ರಪದ | Uttarbabhadra উত্তরভাদ্রপদ | Могой хүлэгч | 壁 |
27 | Revati रेवती | Rēvati രേവതി | Rēvathi ரேவதி | Revathi රේවතී | Reyva ރޭވަ | Revati రేవతి | Revati ರೇವತಿ | Rebati রেবতী | Дэлгэрүүлэгч | 奎 |
References[edit]
![Marathi Marathi](https://www.astrosage.com/images/promotion/web-year-book-en.jpg)
- ^Basham, Arthur Llewellyn (1954). 'Appendix II: Astronomy'. The Wonder That Was India. Sidgwick and Jackson. p. 490.
- ^Its longitude starts from 06° 40' to 10° 53' 40 in sidereal Capricorn i.e. from the last quarter of Uttra Ashadha to first 1/15 th part of Shravana.[citation needed]Its span is 4° 13' 40.[citation needed] The span of 27 mean daily lunar motions totals 355.76167 degrees, and together these total 359.98945 degrees. Considered an 'intercalary' lunar mansion.[citation needed]
Aries | |
---|---|
Zodiac symbol | Ram |
Duration (tropical, western) | March 20 – April 20 (2019, UT1)[1] |
Constellation | Aries |
Zodiac element | Fire |
Zodiac quality | Cardinal |
Sign ruler | Mars |
Detriment | Venus |
Exaltation | Sun |
Fall | Saturn |
Astrology |
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New millennium astrological chart |
Background |
Traditions |
Branches |
Aries (♈) /ˈɛəriːz/ (Latin for 'ram') is the first astrological sign in the zodiac, spanning the first 30 degrees of celestial longitude (0°≤ λ <30°), and originates from the constellation of the same name. Under the tropical zodiac, the Sun transits this sign from approximately March 20 to April 21 each year.[2] This time duration is exactly the first month of the Solar Hijri calendar (Hamal/Farvardin/Wray). [3]
According to the tropical system of astrology, the Sun enters the sign of Aries when it reaches the March equinox, which occurs on average on March 21 (by design).[a] Because the Earth takes approximately 365.24 days to go around the Sun, the precise time of the equinox is not the same each year, and generally will occur about six hours later from one year to the next until reset by a leap year. February 29 of a leap year causes that year's vernal equinox to fall about eighteen hours earlier compared with the previous year. From 1800 to 2050 inclusive the vernal equinox date has (or will) range(d) from March 19 at 22:34 UT1 in 2048 to March 21 at 19:15 UT1 in 1903.[1]
Under the sidereal zodiac, the sun currently[when?] transits Aries from April 15 to 14 May (approximately).
Background[edit]
Aries is the first fire sign in the zodiac, the other fire signs being Leo and Sagittarius. Individuals born between these dates, depending on which system of astrology they subscribe to, may be called Arians or Ariens.[4] Aries colors are red and white. [5] In astrology, Aries is the cardinal sign of the fire trigon. It is one of the six positive signs.
The equivalent in the Hindu solar calendar is Meṣa.[6]
Mythology[edit]
In Greek Mythology, the symbol of the ram is based on the Chrysomallus, the flying ram that rescued Phrixus and Helle, the children of the Boeotian king Athamas and provided the Golden Fleece.
Gallery[edit]
Mosaic in Maltezana near Analipsi, Astypalaia, 5th century CE.
Aries zodiac sign, Jantar Mantar, Jaipur, India. 18th century CE.
Aries, or al-ħamal, depicted in the 14th/15th century Arabic astrology text Book of Wonders.
Notes[edit]
- ^ abAstronomical Applications Department 2011.
- ^Oxford n.d., s.v. Aries and Taurus.
- ^Atsma 2015.
- ^Oxford n.d., s.v. Arians.
- ^Orion 2011, p. 1.
- ^Raman 2003, pp. 10–19.
Works cited[edit]
- Astronomical Applications Department (2011). Multiyear Computer Interactive Almanac. 2.2.2. Washington DC: US Naval Observatory. For time of Sun's entry or exit from a sign, calculate Longitude of Sun, apparent geocentric ecliptic of date, interpolated to find time of crossing 0°, 30°..... For list of vernal equinox dates calculate phenomena: solstices/equinoxes, choosing UT1 and years 1800 through 2050.
- Atsma, Aaron J. (2015). 'Chrysomallus'. The Theoi Project: Greek mythology.
- Orion, Rae (2011). Astrology for Dummies. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN9780470098400.
- Oxford Dictionaries. n.d. Retrieved December 23, 2018.
- Raman, Bangalore V. (2003). Studies in Jaimini Astrology. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN978-81-208-1397-7.
External links[edit]
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